1.正譯法和(hé)反譯法:這兩種方法通(tōng)常用于漢譯英,偶爾也用于英譯漢。所謂正譯,是指把句子按照與漢語相同的語序或表達方式譯成英語。所謂反譯則是指把句子按照與漢語相反的語序或表達方式譯成英語。正譯與反譯常常具有(yǒu)同義的效果,但(dàn)反譯往往更符合英語的思維方式和(hé)表達習慣。因此比較地道(dào)。如:
(1) 在美國,人(rén)人(rén)都能買到槍。
In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正譯)
In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反譯)
(2) 你(nǐ)可(kě)以從因特網上(shàng)獲得(de)這一信息。
You can obtain this information on the Internet. (正譯)
This information is accessible/available on the Internet. (反譯)
(3) 他突然想到了一個(gè)新主意。
Suddenly he had a new idea. (正譯)
He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正譯)
A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. (反譯)
(4) 他仍然沒有(yǒu)弄懂我的意思。
He still could not understand me. (正譯)
Still he failed to understand me. (反譯)
2.倒置法:在漢語中,定語修飾語和(hé)狀語修飾語往往位于被修飾語之前;在英語中,許多(duō)修飾語常常位于被修飾語之後,因此翻譯時(shí)往往要把原文的語序颠倒過來(lái)。倒置法通(tōng)常用于英譯漢,
即對英語長句按照漢語的習慣表達法進行(xíng)前後調換,按意群或進行(xíng)全部倒置,原則是使漢語譯句安排符合現代漢語論理(lǐ)叙事的一般邏輯順序。有(yǒu)時(shí)倒置法也用于漢譯英。如:
(1)At this moment, through the wonder of telecommunications, more people
are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other occasions in the
whole history of the world.
此時(shí)此刻,通(tōng)過現代通(tōng)信手段的奇迹,看到和(hé)聽(tīng)到我們講話(huà)的人(rén)比整個(gè)世界曆史上(shàng)任何其他這樣的場(chǎng)合都要多(duō)。(部分倒置)
(2)I believe strongly that it is in the interest of my countrymen that
Britain should remain an active and energetic member of the European
Community.
我堅信,英國依然應該是歐共體(tǐ)中的一個(gè)積極的和(hé)充滿活力的成員,這是符合我國人(rén)民利益的。(部分倒置)更多(duō)無錫翻譯公司信息,請(qǐng)關注:http://www.wuxiabc.com
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